Wednesday, 26 August 2020

Revenge of the Elk Head Woman: "The Only Good Indians" by Stephen Graham Jones


The Only Good Indians

by Stephen Graham Jones

A Review



If this were a 1970s horror B movie, it would be called “Revenge of the Elk Head Woman”, which more or less sums up its central narrative idea.  Just before Thanksgiving, four friends – Ricky, Lewis, Cassidy and Gabe – all members of the Blackfeet Nation, take part in an elk hunt, which leads them out-of-bounds to an elders-only area of the reservation. On that fated day they do not just break the law.  They go against a more ancient, natural code.  In the heat of the kill, Lewis shoots a young, pregnant elk cow.  Her death is slow and painful.  Lewis, immediately feeling guilty, promises the dying animal that nothing was going to spoil…no part of her could go to waste.  He tries hard to keep his word – ten years later, despite having settled down with a white wife away from the reservation, he still holds on to the cow’s fur.  Evidently, this does nothing to appease the soul of the elk, or whatever spirit animates these creatures. 

The four friends are marked by this deed which, tragically, is less heinous than plain unfortunate.  The novel starts with Ricky’s death at the hands of a group of drunk, white roughnecks, hardly a supernatural event.  Yet, in his last moments what Ricky glimpses is the unexpected image of a great herd of elk, waiting.  It is a warning of things to come.  A decade after that memorable hunt, the elk cow returns as half-human, half animal monster, to seek out the three survivors and mete out her revenge.

All supernatural tales expect us to suspend our disbelief, but they still tend to follow an internal logic, one that is easy to fathom in the context of the story.  The shapeshifting entity created by Jones, however, is hard to pin down; the mechanics of its manifestations difficult to explain.  Is the Elk Head Woman an anthropomorphic, physical entity?  Is it a human reincarnation of the killed elk? Is it some sort of collective representation of “elkhood”, engaged in a cosmic battle between Man and Elk, hunters and hunted? Or could it be a projection of guilty consciences? Are its powers merely physical? Can it mess with its victims’ minds and with Fate itself as is suggested by some of the narrative twists?  The Elk Head Woman is all this and more.  It is significant, in fact, that when the characters in the novel come across this monster, their first reaction is rarely fear – and is more commonly surprise and confusion.  Jones here takes a risk which pays off.  The elusive nature of the Elk Head Woman could have made it seem less immediate, less threatening.  But it doesn’t – if anything, it adds to its/her creepiness.

My reference to B Movies isn’t coincidental. There are some stomach-churning scenes which are clearly influenced by splatter movies and which, to be honest, are not generally my line of horror. But I still found the novel gripping, especially its concluding chapters and the final, nerve-racking showdown between the Elk Head Woman and Gabe’s teenage daughter Denorah.  

What makes this novel special is its use of the indigenous context and its insightful social commentary about the challenges to Indian identity.  Its characters grapple with what it means to be Indian in a contemporary society. They bear the weight of injustices suffered over the centuries and the white prejudice they still face.  They feel bound to honour their tradition while struggling to understand how to do so in the here and now. When Gabe and Cass decide to hold a traditional sweat, or purification ceremony, Gabe asks whether it may be held at night.  To which Cass replies, “Let me check the big Indian rule book…”  This exchange is typical of the dark wit which flashes (alongside the violence) throughout the novel.  But it also highlights a central theme of this book – what is it that makes “a Good Indian”?   

Significantly, Stephen Graham Jones is himself Blackfeet and has first-hand knowledge of the world he portrays and the challenges facing young Native Americans.     In this novel, the Indian context is not just opportunistic cultural appropriation or an exotic backdrop to a horror yarn, but is skilfully woven into the fabric of the narrative and animates its social concerns.

Paperback357 pages
Published July 21st 2020 by Titan Books (UK) (first published July 14th 2020)

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